航空術(shù)語(yǔ)詞典Dictionary of Aeronautical Terms 下

時(shí)間：2011-03-11 23:18來(lái)源：藍(lán)天飛行翻譯 作者：航空 點(diǎn)擊：次

run (paint defect). A defect in a paint film caused by the paint attempting to flow off the surface. Runs are caused by the application of too much paint.
run-in (engine operation). A time of controlled operation of a new or freshly overhauled aircraft engine that allows the moving parts to wear together. The operating conditions of pressures, temperatures, and vibration are carefully monitored during the run-in. After the run-in is completed, the lubricating oil is drained and examined for the presence of metallic particles.
running fit. A fit between parts of a mechanism that allows them to move relative to each other.
runout check (dimensional inspection). A check made of a rotating shaft to determine its straightness. The shaft is supported on its main bearing journals in a set of V-blocks and is rotated while a dial indicator rests on the portion of the shaft being checked. The dial indicator measures the amount the shaft is bent.
runway (aviation operation). A defined rectangular area on a land airport prepared for the landing and takeoff run of aircraft along its length. Runways are normally numbered in relation to their magnetic direction rounded off to the nearest ten degrees, such as Runway 01 or Runway 25.
runway gradient. The average slope, measured in percent, between two ends or points on a runway. Runway gradient is depicted on government aerodrome sketches when the total runway gradient exceeds 0.3%.
runway incursion. The act of entering an active runway.
runway temperature. Temperature of the air just above a runway, ideally at engine and/or wing height. Runway temperature is useful for determining density altitude when computing engine and aircraft performance.
runway visibility (meteorology). The meteorological visibility along an identified runway, determined from a specified point on the runway. Runway visibility may be determined by a transmissometer or by an observer.
rust. A red oxide that forms on ferrous metal (metal that contains iron). Rust has no strength, it is porous, and it continues to eat the metal until it is completely destroyed. Rust can be prevented by keeping all oxygen away from the metal, by painting it, or by coating it with a film of oil or grease.
ruthenium. A hard, white, acid-resistant, metallic chemical element. Ruthenium’s symbol is Ru, its atomic number is 44, and its atomic weight is 101.07. Ruthenium is used as an alloying agent for platinum and palladium and is also used in the manufacture of electrical contacts.
RVR (Runway Visual Range). An instrumentally derived horizontal distance a pilot should see down the runway from the approach end. RVR is based on either the sighting of high-intensity runway lights or on the visual contrast of other objects, whichever yields the greatest visual range.
S
saber saw. An electrically operated, hand-held jigsaw. A saber saw uses a short, stiff blade, motor driven in a reciprocating (in-and-out) fashion.
sacrificial corrosion. A form of corrosion in which an active material is used as the anode in the corrosion process to protect a less active material. The anode is sacrificed to save the cathode.

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